川消講解泡沫滅火劑滅火的主要機理
來源：http://m.xintli.net/ 日期：2022-05-16
對于火災，即使是的消防員也很頭疼，燃燒的產(chǎn)品大多是易燃易爆產(chǎn)品，甚是有毒有害產(chǎn)品。普通的滅火劑是行不通的，事實上泡沫滅火劑起到的滅火作用是非常有效的，下面來講講主要機理。
For fire, even professional firefighters have a headache. Most of the burning products are flammable and explosive products, even toxic and harmful products. Ordinary fire extinguishing agents are not feasible. In fact, foam fire extinguishing agents are very effective in extinguishing fires. Here are the main mechanisms.
凡能用水預先溶解并能通過機械方法或化學反應產(chǎn)生滅火泡沫的滅火劑稱為泡沫滅火劑。廣義而言，它也是通過在水中添加各種成分制成的。根據(jù)泡沫的形成機理，泡沫滅火劑可分為化學泡沫滅火劑和空氣泡沫滅火劑?；瘜W泡沫是由兩種藥劑的水溶液發(fā)生化學反應而產(chǎn)生的，泡沫中所含的氣體為二氧化碳。
Any fire extinguishing agent that can be pre dissolved with water and can produce fire extinguishing foam through mechanical methods or chemical reactions is called foam fire extinguishing agent. Broadly speaking, it is also made by adding various components to water. According to the formation mechanism of foam, foam extinguishing agent can be divided into chemical foam extinguishing agent and air foam extinguishing agent. Chemical foam is produced by the chemical reaction of the aqueous solution of two agents. The gas contained in foam is carbon dioxide.
泡沫滅火劑的滅火效果表現(xiàn)在以下幾個方面：一是阻隔作用。由滅火泡沫在燃燒材料表面形成的泡沫覆蓋層，可將燃燒表面與空氣隔離。泡沫層對燃燒物表面進行密封，可阻擋火焰對燃燒物的熱輻射，防止燃燒物蒸發(fā)或熱解，使材料成為可燃物。氣體難以進入燃燒區(qū)；
The fire extinguishing effect of foam extinguishing agent is shown in the following aspects: first, barrier effect. The foam covering layer formed by the fire foam on the surface of the burning material can isolate the burning surface from the air. The foam layer seals the surface of the combustor, which can block the thermal radiation of the flame to the combustor, prevent the evaporation or pyrolysis of the combustor, and make the material combustible. It is difficult for gas to enter the combustion area;
二是降溫。從氣泡中析出的液體對燃燒表面有冷卻作用；三是稀釋效應。泡沫滅火劑產(chǎn)生的泡沫被加熱蒸發(fā)，產(chǎn)生的水蒸氣具有稀釋燃燒區(qū)氧氣濃度的作用。但是，不同類型的泡沫適用范圍是不同的。說明幾種泡沫液體滅火劑的區(qū)別。
Second, cooling. The liquid precipitated from the bubble can cool the combustion surface; Third, dilution effect. The foam produced by foam extinguishing agent is heated and evaporated, and the water vapor produced has the effect of diluting the oxygen concentration in the combustion area. However, the application scope of different types of foam is different. Firstly, the differences of several foam liquid fire extinguishing agents are explained.
蛋白泡沫滅火劑適用于撲救油類和石油產(chǎn)品火災，如汽油、煤油、柴油、原油、重油、瀝青、石蠟等火災；動植物油火災；由于蛋白質(zhì)泡沫具有良好的附著力。還具有一定的降溫和潤濕作用，蛋白泡沫穩(wěn)定性好，因此常用于防止火災的發(fā)生和蔓延?？梢杂玫鞍着菽采w防火，然后采取其他措施。
Protein foam extinguishing agent is suitable for extinguishing oil and petroleum product fires, such as gasoline, kerosene, diesel, crude oil, heavy oil, asphalt, paraffin and other fires; Animal and vegetable oil fire; Because protein foam has good adhesion. It also has certain cooling and wetting effects, and protein foam has good stability, so it is often used to prevent the occurrence and spread of fire. The fire protection can be covered with protein foam, and then other measures can be taken.
蛋白泡沫滅火劑不能用于撲救酒精、醛、酰基等水溶性易燃液體火災，也不能用于撲救加酒精的汽油（酒精含量在10%以上）、電氣、煤氣等火災；可用于噴灑滅火油罐火災；不能與一般干粉滅火劑并用。
Protein foam extinguishing agent can not be used to extinguish the fire of water-soluble flammable liquids such as alcohol, aldehyde and acyl, nor can it be used to extinguish the fire of gasoline with alcohol (alcohol content above 10%), electrical, gas and other fires; It can be used to spray and extinguish oil tank fires; It cannot be used together with ordinary dry powder extinguishing agent.
水成膜泡沫滅火劑主要由氟碳表面活性劑、烴類表面活性劑、穩(wěn)定劑等添加劑和水組成。水成膜泡沫滅火劑適用于一般低膨脹泡沫滅火設備，主要用于滅火一般不溶于水溶性易燃易燃液體火災，能迅速控制火勢蔓延，也可與干粉滅火劑配合使用。
Aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is mainly composed of fluorocarbon surfactant, hydrocarbon surfactant, stabilizer and other additives and water. Aqueous film-forming foam extinguishing agent is applicable to general low expansion foam extinguishing equipment. It is mainly used to extinguish fires that are generally insoluble in water-soluble flammable liquid. It can quickly control the spread of fire, and can also be used in conjunction with dry powder extinguishing agent.
川消提醒大家，滅火主要依靠泡沫和水膜的雙重作用，泡沫起主導作用。也可采用潛噴法撲救油罐火災，撲滅流動液體火災的效果更好。但泡沫不夠穩(wěn)定，消失快，對油面的密封時間和阻燃時間也短，所以防止復燃和隔離熱液面的性能不如蛋白泡沫和氟蛋白泡沫。
Chuanxiao reminds us that fire extinguishing mainly depends on the dual functions of foam and water film, and foam plays a leading role. The submerged spraying method can also be used to extinguish the oil tank fire, and the effect of extinguishing the flowing liquid fire is better. However, the foam is not stable enough, disappears quickly, and the sealing time and flame retardant time to the oil surface are also short. Therefore, the performance of preventing re ignition and isolating the hot liquid level is not as good as that of protein foam and fluoroprotein foam.
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This is the content about the main mechanism of foam extinguishing agent explained by CFX. If you are interested in learning more about this aspect, please follow our website www.cx-fire Com or contact us directly to buy relevant products.
